Psycho-Social Factors Contributing to Safety Practices at Anglogold Ashanti Iduapriem Gold Mine Ghana Limited, Tarkwa.

Abstract

Mining continues to play a vital role in Ghana’s economy, but is also associated with high levels of occupational hazards and safety risks. At AngloGold Ashanti's Iduapriem Limited (AAIL) Gold Mine in Tarkwa, significant investments have been made in safety infrastructure and training; however, psychosocial factors influencing workers’ adherence to safety protocols remain underexplored. This study, therefore, examined the psychological and sociological factors that contribute to safety practices among mine workers, while also assessing socio-demographic associations, levels of adherence, coping mechanisms, and workplace support systems. A cross-sectional, quantitative survey design was employed, involving 342 participants selected from a workforce of 1,420. Structured questionnaires were administered, and data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression. The psychosocial assessment revealed variations across the observed variables. Notably, role clarity (mean=80.79), job satisfaction (mean=76.63) quality of work (mean=83.99,) and leadership (mean=76.44) were high. Also, 73.7% demonstrated good safety practices, while 26.3% showed poor adherence to safety practices. Age, education level, experience, department and job role were all associated with safety practice (p < 0.05). Psychological stress, job dissatisfaction, and job insecurity significantly undermined adherence to safety practices, while job satisfaction and role clarity improved compliance. Sociological factors, including supportive leadership, peer and supervisory support, and effective communication, were positively associated with safety behaviours. Coping mechanisms and workplace support systems moderated the impact of psychosocial stressors, enhancing resilience. Psychological and sociological factors substantially influence safety practices at AAIL gold mine. Strengthening psychosocial risk management, supportive leadership, and organizational support systems is crucial for enhancing occupational health and safety.