Aligning Ghana’s Apparel Industry with Global Best Practices: A Critical Assessment of Sourcing, Production, and Distribution Operations

Abstract

This study examines how Ghana’s apparel manufacturing sector aligns with international best practices in sourcing, production, and distribution. Recognizing the transformative potential of the industry within the context of policy frameworks like the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), the study explores the operational, technological, and sustainability dimensions that define competitiveness in the global apparel value chain. Using a quantitative descriptive design, data were collected from 317 industry professionals across major industrial hubs in Ghana. The findings indicate a moderate adoption of sustainable sourcing practices, including traceability and ethical procurement, though supplier development and compliance monitoring remain underdeveloped. Quality control and ethical labour standards are prioritized in production, yet gaps persist in automation, lean manufacturing, and technological integration. Distribution practices reflect a strong interest in timely delivery and sustainable packaging but reveal limited implementation of data-driven logistics, e-commerce, and advanced digital tools such as RFID and predictive analytics. The study identifies critical challenges ranging from infrastructural limitations and technological constraints to workforce skill gaps that hinder the sector’s complete alignment with global standards. Policy implications include the need for targeted support in automation, digital transformation, and vocational training, alongside stronger regulatory frameworks for sustainability and labour practices. While the sector shows promising alignment in certain areas, comprehensive adoption of best practices is essential for positioning Ghana as a competitive apparel hub. The study contributes to broader discussions on industrial upgrading in Sub-Saharan Africa and provides strategic insights for enhancing the global integration and sustainability of localized apparel manufacturing