Assessing the Impact of Teenage Girls’ Menstrual Hygiene on their Academic Performance in the Mampong Municipality.

Abstract

The study examined the relationship between teenage girls' menstrual hygiene practices and their academic performance in the Mampong Municipality. A cross-sectional study involving 184 female students from selected schools in the Ashanti Mampong Municipality was conducted using stratified and random sampling techniques. Data were collected through questionnaires, and observations, focusing on demographics, menstrual hygiene practices, access to hygiene products and facilities, and the perceived impact on school attendance and academic performance. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22, employing descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained before data collection. Most participants (80.4%) used disposable pads, changed them twice daily (55.4%), and disposed of them in dustbins (58.7%). However, 66.8% and 78.3% had limited access to clean water and soap at school, respectively. Age, school, and income significantly influenced menstrual hygiene practices and resource access (p< 0.05). Older girls were more likely to access clean water and hygiene supplies. The majority (58.2%) missed school during menstruation due to pain, lack of facilities, products, or stigma, while 75% struggled to concentrate, and 58.2% reported academic decline. Girls from higher-income households were less likely to experience academic decline. Barriers included high product costs (73.4%) and poor school sanitation (63.6%). Many girls (67.9%) felt uncomfortable using school toilets, and 35.9% experienced teasing. Age, class, and school significantly impacted menstrual hygiene management (p< 0.05). Participants in the Junior High School class three were four times more likely to get adequate toilet and water facilities than those in lower classes [AOR=3.9 (1.61–9.26), p=0.003]. Students from Mensah Saahene JHS were about 70% less likely to find adequate facilities than students from other schools [AOR=0.32 (0.12–0.88), p=0.025]. Poor school facilities, limited access to sanitary products, and social stigma hinder menstrual hygiene among teenage girls in Mampong Municipality. These challenges contribute to absenteeism, discomfort, and reduced academic performance. Many girls miss school or struggle to concentrate due to pain, lack of hygiene materials, and inadequate toilets. Addressing these issues through improved infrastructure, menstrual health education, and stigma reduction is crucial for promoting girls' well-being, dignity, and equal educational opportunities. Schools and policymakers should prioritize comprehensive menstrual support to foster a more inclusive learning environment. GES should improve sanitation facilities in schools by ensuring access to clean water, soap, and adequate toilets specifically designed to accommodate girls during menstruation.