Coefficient of Variation Component Estimates of Traits of African Giant Rat (Cricetomys gambianus).

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the variance components of various traits in African giant rats (Cricetomys gambianus) to enhance their performance. The research was conducted from February 2023 to August 2023 at the Animal Science Farm of Akenten Appiah Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Mampong-Ashanti campus, Ghana. A total of 30 rats were involved, including 15 does and 15 bucks that were categorized into three age groups: neonatal (10), juvenile (10), and adult (10). Traits measured include, body weight/gain, docility, morphological traits and carcass characteristics. Behavioral docility was assessed using a 4-point scale measuring docility levels (1 - docile, 2 - flighty, 3 - restless, 4 - aggressive). The study employed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Statistical analysis was performed using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedure of the Statistical Analysis System (SAS for Windows, version 10). Means were separated using least significant differences (lsd). Body weight and weight gain were significantly influenced by age. Neonatal rats showed a higher body weight gain (p < 0.05), with greater variability than the other age groups. The average docility scores were 2.52 for males and 2.75 for females. In detail, neonates averaged a score of 2.34, juveniles 2.65, and adults 2.81. Sex and age significantly affected docility (p < 0.05). While low variability in docility was observed across sexes, high variability was noted among the neonates compared to adults and juveniles. The study indicated that sex significantly affected body length and tail length (p < 0.05), while other linear body measurements were not statistically influenced by sex. The dressing weight was significantly higher in males (1321 g) compared to females (1293 g). Protein content was higher in females (24.81%) compared to males (23.61%) (p < 0.05. The research concluded that age and sex significantly impact body weight, growth, and various morphological and carcass traits in African giant rats. The findings underscore the need for tailored management strategies based on age and sex to enhance growth and performance in this species.